Weight (Specific Gravity): Standard for Quartz – ~2.65. It has a typical heft for a silica-based gemstone.
Treatment: Most commercial amethyst is routinely heat-treated to:
Lighten very dark stones to a more marketable tone.
Change color: Heating transforms amethyst into citrine (yellow-orange). Some citrine on the market is heat-treated amethyst.
Produce “Ametrine”: Partial heating can create bicolor amethyst-citrine zones.
Irradiation can restore color if faded by heat or light, but this is less common.
Body (Clarity/Transparency): Amethyst is Type I quartz, meaning it is typically eye-clean with high transparency and a vitreous luster. The finest color is a strong, saturated medium to dark purple with red and blue flashes (often called “Siberian” or “Deep Russian” grade). It can show color zoning (stripes of lighter and darker purple). It has no cleavage, good durability (Mohs 7), and is often cut in large, dramatic sizes.
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